Saturday, October 13, 2007

Ancient Greece

Here's a seven minute video about the Parthenon.

21 comments:

Anonymous said...

I thought that this video was really interesting. It was facinating to me how the Parthenon is 2 1/2 thousand years old and it is still here today. It is said that the Athenians were told that after their annihilation by the Persians, they were now in charge. At the time the Parthenon was a symbol of that. It is also interesting how the two men responsible for it, the sculptor and Peracles (An Athenian statesmen) did not recieve resepct for their creation at the time. I also thought that it was intersting that the statue of Athena inside the Parthenon, cost more to create than the Parthenon itself. Finally, I also thought that it was not only interesting, but also a good thing that the Parthenon was dedicated to Athena. This video not only helped me learn more about the Parthenon but, it also helped me learn more about Ancient Greece itself.

Caroline Smith said...

I also thought this video was interesting. It was interesting to learn what types of simple machines (i.e. pulleys, wheels, etc.) that the Greeks used at the time to maneuver blocks of stone to the building destination. I also thought that the use of making blocks crooked to actually create an “illusion” that there were straight lines was really interesting. It shows how intelligent the Ancient Greeks really were. I also thought that it was interesting how the Ancient Greeks used “cramps” to hold buildings together in case of an earthquake. Also, like Danielle, I thought it was fascinating how they used more money of the gold on the statue of Athena than they did on the entire building itself. This shows the Ancient Greeks’ true honor in religion and gods. Some questions I have are:
How long did it take to build this pyramid for start to finish?
Was everyone allowed into the Parthenon? If not, who was and was not allowed?
It would be nice if someone could maybe help me and try to answer these questions. Thank you!!!

Anonymous said...

Caroline, I hope this helps. They began building the Parthenon in 447 and the building ended in 423. They spent until 431 completing some decorations. As for your other question, The Parthenon was a shrine to Athena, the patron goddess of the city-state of Athens. It was the central point of worship to her, where all festivals in her honor culminated,
http://ancienthistory.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_parthenon

Within the Parthenon was a shelter for the Goddess Athena. The Parthenon was not a place open to the masses.
http://charliecat24.tripod.com/greece/parth.html

All temples in Greece were designed to be seen only from the outside. The viewers never entered a temple and could only glimpse the interior statues through the open doors.
http://www.ancient-greece.org/architecture/parthenon.html
As I read I wondered what ever happened to the statue and found this;
Inside all Greek temples, there would have been a cult statue. The Parthenon was no exception, and the cult statue of Athena must have been truly an awesome spectacle. Unfortunately, nothing remains of this supposed sculptural wonder, as the statue was taken away to Constantinople during the late Roman Empire, and it was lost forever.
http://ancienthistory.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_parthenon

Anonymous said...

I watched the video and thought The parthenon was built as a symbol of success after they fought the Persians (the battle of marathon)
A LITTLE more on the battle:

http://www.historynet.com/wars_conflicts/ancient_medieval_wars/5236431.html

Pericles and Phodeas were responsible for building parthenon and the video mentioned they would get a lot of critisism. Why is this?

Who are pericles and Phodeas?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pericles

I couldent find out how to spell Phodeas correctly so can anyone find some more information on him?

The video also mentioned Paracles and Phodeas were not sure how they were going to fund the parthenon.

Why dont they spend money on armies, warfare, or other technology that is actually going to make them stronger, not just look like they are stronger?

It seems that Greece was a lot more concentrated on using resources on architecture and art instead of war technology. They could have easily made more innovations with war techniques but they were too focused on making wheels to transport marble and clamps to hold the marble together and ways to make the parthenon look perfect.

Anonymous said...

I found some information on Phidias for you Emma. Here's a link to the Wikipedia article on him:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phidias

I find it interesting that they say he is "universally regarded as the greatest of all classical sculptors". He is also credited with the design of the Statue of Zeus at Olympia, which is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world (though I found it surprising that the Parthenon was not one of them). A link to the Statue of Zeus page can be found off of the Phidias page on Wikipedia.

Something I think is interesting about the Parthenon is the fact that although the original temple is damaged, there is a full scale replica built in Nashville, Tennessee. I didn't know this until a few weeks ago when my grandmother visited it. The building even includes a scale replica of the statue of Athena that was found inside the original, plus it has an art museum which has casts of some of the sculptures in the original Parthenon. Also, in the summertime, the Parthenon is used as a backdrop for plays, such as Antigone, which we read in English class.

Here is a link to the staggering 42 foot tall Statue of Athena replica:

http://www.nashville.gov/Parthenon/Athena.htm

I also wondered how a full-scale replica of the Parthenon was built in the first place. The video said that the Parthenon had been "[ravaged] by war and pollution", and judging by modern day pictures of the Parthenon's current state, how can anyone be sure that the Parthenon in Tennessee is an exact replica?

One final thought: the Wikipedia article on the Parthenon states that acid rain and car pollutants have cause damage to some sculptures and that the survival of the Parthenon isn't guaranteed. Wouldn't the survival of an ancient Greek temple be worth doing something about pollution? Is the destruction of ancient landmarks a viable side effect of global pollution?

Anonymous said...

Just a quick question: The Parthenon was funded by the left over war money and this was seen as the Athenians acting out, but why didn't anyone stop them if they didn't like them building the temple?

Anonymous said...

After watching the video, I was interested in finding out why the building was called the "Parthenon". I did some research and found this out:

The name "Parthenon" is derived from one of Athena's most common honorary title: Athena Parthenos. "Parthenos" is a form of the Greek word for "virgin". Athena was considered the only member of the Greek pantheon to be completely chaste (still a virgin) so she was honored as a symbol of chastity, especially among young women.

Mr. G said...

Lizzy -- I think the answer is that the Athenians were too strong to be stopped by the other Greek polises. By comparison, people around the world protested when the U.S. invaded Iraq in March of 2003, but those protests didn't stop the invasion. See this article

Anonymous said...

As I watched the video, a moral question came up for me. Was it "right" for the Athenaians to use the money that was meant for war on a temple? I know the money was left over, but who had a say in what the money was used for? Some of the people opposed to the Parthenon were probably opposed because they thought it wasn't a wise use of money. Could the opposition have been avoided? What do you think?

I was amazed that the statue of Athena was the most expensive part. They must have spent a lot on the actual building, especially since it was huge and they tried to make it apear to be perfect. I guess it was because of the gold covering the statue. Does anyone know how much it cost to build the Parthenon?

In response to Emma's comment, the name of the second builder was Phidias. During the video, I wondered who he was. I found that the golden ratio is represented by the Greek letter "phi," which was named after Phidias. I thought that was pretty cool. This is a link to some information about him.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phidias

Anonymous said...

I agree wiht what Caroline said about how interesting it is about the simple machines used to put the marble in place and haul it up the hill when building the Parthenon. It is interesting that the Greeks have so complex inventions for their time while Egypt had very little inventions like the pulleys and the wheels to roll the marble. Egypt did sort of the same thing (building the pyramids), but they didn't use pulleys to place the bricks in place. I would think it would have been easier to make a pyramid using the tools and inventions the Greeks used to build the Parthenon.

Anonymous said...

I thought this video was really interesting. What I thought was most interesting was how intelligent Ancient Greeks really were. Instead of building the blocks on a straight angle, they were raised slightly in the center of the building. Also, the columns were built on diagonals. What I also found interesting was that the statue of Athena cost more than it did to build the whole building. This shows the Ancient Greeks great respect for their gods, but is there such a thing as too much respect? I think it is great that they built a statue for their god, but I don't think it had to be that fancy. The money spent on making the statue could have been used for other things such as helping out the country and Ancient Greek civilizations.

Anonymous said...

I thought this video was very informing. I thought it was cool how they said that the statue of Athena took about half of the funds for the Parthenon. We are reading the Odyssey and she is an important character in the book and now I am just seeing how the two classes are connecting in many ways. Also, I liked how the guy talked about how precise the Greeks were with their building because it just shows they had so much knowledge so early.

Anonymous said...

That video was pretty interesting. I think the part about the cranes was cool because it's not something that I would think that they had.

I was looking at the temple and I remembered see a simmilar structure somewhere, and I remember...at UVA. I was wondering if Thomas Jefferson was trying to go for that somewhat greek look.

I went and found that he designed the grounds himself and that his (then) unique style of arcitecture is called "Jeffersonian Arcitecture". It is a American style of Neo-Palladian and Neo-Classicism. Neo-Classicism is derived from the arcitecture from ancient greece, which would be the Parthenon. [In case you were wondering, Neo-Palladian is a european style of arcitecture and that is derived from an Italian guy named Andrea Palladio, hence the name Palladia...]

Anonymous said...

Laura, to answer your question, the Parthenon cost 469 silver talents, which I'm assuming was their form of currency. However, we do know know that one talent was the equivalent of one trireme, which is the name of those huge warships that we talked about in class. The Delian League, which was first supposed to be only for triremes was also now spent on the Parthenon. Imagine 469 huge warships and that's about how much the Parthenon cost to build.

I agree with Georgia in that it is incredible that the Greeks were so technologically advanced. The way that they were able to maneuver the marble and the design that went into the structure, considering the time period, are both amazing. However, it is curious that although the Greeks were so technologically advanced, it is evident that they still believed in many gods (polytheism) because they built the Parthenon for Athena.

I also had a question: I know in many societies, when a ruler decides to build an immense and costly structure (like the Parthenon) using money from the citizens, the citizens rebel and get angry. What were the citizens of the other Greek city-states doing while this was being built? Were they simply just angry, or did they act upon their anger? It's interesting that something that holds such significance now was not appreciated, an rather rejected, when it was first built. Perhaps it takes a long time to appreciate something really spectacular to its fullest?

Anonymous said...

I thought that this video was interesting. Now, the Parthenon is a symbol of Ancient Greece and how great they were. But back then, the Parthenon was criticized. I also thought that the fact that the Greeks used half of the Parthenon resources to create an Athena statue was interesting. It was interesting how after they analyzed the Parthenon itself, they analyzed how it was built. It helped teach me a lot about the Greeks and their culture.

Anonymous said...

This is in response to Nicole's question about "too much respect." The people of the city-state of Athens considered themselves eternally indebted to Athena.

According to mythology, when Athens was created (it was not yet Athens, just unnamed at the time) it lacked both a patron deity and a staple crop. The soil around Athens was not suitable for most Greek crops. Athena gifted the city-state with an olive tree, which gave them food as well as oil and wood. They rejoiced at her gift and accepted Athena as the city's patron deity, even christening it Athens after her. The Athenian opinion was that, without the assistence of Athena, the city would be unable to support itself.

Anonymous said...

After watching this video, I can see how magnificent the Parthenon is. I was wondering whether or not the Parthenon was any of the many Wonders of the World lists. The most common is the 7 wonders of the Ancient World with things like The Great Pyramid of Giza and the Hanging Gardens of Babylonia. There's also a 7 wonders of the Middle Kingdom and that includes Stonehenge and the Leaning Tower of Pisa. There is also a more recent version called the 7 wonders of the New World like the Empire State building and the CN Tower in Canada. There are other various lists, but I was wondering whether the Parthenon was on any lists. It isn't. The closest thing to the Parthenon on there is the Acropolis, which in a sense is the Parthenon, just a little bit broader. It's interesting that the Parthenon isn't on any lists because it is one of the most recognizable landmarks in Europe.

Anonymous said...

Last year over the summer my family and I went on a cruise and one of the stops was in Greece. I was able to see the Parthenon and some other temples. I remember "hiking" up the long way to the Acropolis and looking out at the amazing view. I find it amazing that the Parthenon is still standing even though it is 2 1/2 thousand years old. The Parthenon shows us how technologically advanced the Greeks were. They had amazing systems for moving marble and were able to give off the illusion that the Parthenon was perfectly straight, by making all of the lines not straight. Another thing that I realized from watching this video is how extremely important the gods were in Ancient Greece. The Parthenon was built for Athena. The statue of Athena was over 40 feet high with over 1 ton of gold. This statue coast more than the whole Parthenon itself. Unfortunately though no remains of this amazing statue are left. The Parthenon tells us so much about the Ancient Greeks, they were technological advanced, paid attention to detail,viewed the gods as extremely important,and had amazing architectural skills.

Anonymous said...

I think that the Parthenon is amazing. It is so interesting how the Greeks were able to construct something so huge (sort of like the Egyptians) without the bulldozers and crains that we have today. Why was Pericles so intrigued by art? I wonder why this was so important to him that he took away from the money that would have been used for war and he used it to make the Parthenon with enough gold on the statue in the middle to pay for the whole building. How do we know that the statue did exsist? How did pericles know to make things slightly off so it would appear perfect to the eye? If something is exactly straight does it not appear perfect? As Ian said the Parthenon was a shelter for Athena then why was it build...for people to look at the outside?

Anonymous said...

One question I have about the Parthenon is why was it built. Was it built to show the knowledge and power of Athens? Another question I had was what made Pericles want to build the Parthenon. What gave him the idea to build it in the first place? These questions cannot probably be answered with an 100% sure answer because Pericles isn't here to tell us. Does anyone have any ideas other than mine for and answer?

Anonymous said...

Along with the video there are also interesting websites about the Parthenon. An obvious one is wikipedia's page on the Parthenon.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenon

I also found an interesting website on google that is about the Partenon. This website is totally devoted to the Parthenon.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenon

This website below has a lot of interesting facts about the Parthenon.

http://gogreece.about.com/od/athenssightseeing1/a/parthenonathens.htm

I thought that the video was the best and easiest way for me to learn about the Parthenon. Getting to see it,up close really helped me understand how important and significant the Parthenon is. I also thought the websites above might help people have a further understanding of the Parthenon.